1.
Fill in the blanks with suitable words in the passage (NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS).

There are many types of family systems around the world. In North America and northern Europe, the nuclear family (with two generations - a father, mother and one or more children) is often seen as the most typical. In contrast, in most other parts of the world, extended families, which include other family members such as grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins, are seen as the norm.

The common view is that the nuclear family has become the norm in many Western societies as a result of industrialization and urbanisation. This trend began in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, when people were forced to move to cities to find work in the factories that sprang up during the Industrial Revolution. In the twentieth century, greater industrialization resulted in even more people leaving their large extended families. Urbanisation also meant that people lived in much smaller houses, which were not big enough for an extended family.

Nuclear family - The norm in Western world

Unlike most parts of the world, where the extended family is seen as the (1)……………………, people in North America and Europe would prefer to live in a (2)……………………………… This family system became a trend as a result of industrialisation and urbanisation. In the late 18th and 19th centuries, there were more and more (3) …………………springing up. During the 20th century, industrialisation developed greatly, making extended families less common.

Fill in the blanks,1
( 1 ). (1) ....................

1

Fill in the blanks,1
( 2 ). (2) ................

1

Fill in the blanks,1
( 3 ). (3) ...............

1

Advanced,3
2.
Write TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN

Culture shock is described as a process of change marked by four basic stages. During the first stage, Newcomers are excited to be in a new place, so this is often referred to as the "honeymoon" stage. Like a tourist, they are excited with all the new sights and sounds, new smells and tastes of the new place. They may have some problems, but usually, they feel happy about these problems because they are new. At this point, it is the similarities that they notice, and it seems to the newcomer that people everywhere and their way of life are very much alike. This stage may last from a couple of weeks to a month, but the letdown is inevitable.

During the second stage, known as the 'rejection' stage, the newcomer starts to experience difficulties due to the differences between the new culture and their own culture. Their enthusiasm at the beginning turns into loneliness, sadness, and anger. These feelings may have the effect of people rejecting the new culture so that they notice only the things that cause them trouble, which they then complain about. In addition, they may feel homesick and bored during this period as well.

Fortunately, most people gradually learn to adapt to the new culture and move on to the third stage, known as 'adjustment and reorientation'.

During this stage, the newcomer begins to understand some of the cultural clues which they had not experienced earlier. Now things make more sense and the culture seems more familiar. As a result, they begin to develop problem-solving skills to overcome the difficulties.

Fill in the blanks,1
( 1 ).
(1) During the first stage of culture shock, newcomers tend to notice the differences between cultures and nationalities.

1

Fill in the blanks,1
( 2 ).
(2) New comers often feel excited in the second stage because they can experience the differences between the new culture and their own culture.

1

Fill in the blanks,1
( 3 ).
(3) New comers start adapting to the new culture that they had not experienced earlier during the third stage.

1

Advanced,3
3.
Choose the correct answer.

A survey has suggested that traditional pastimes are increasingly being banned at break times in primary schools. Number one on the list is the chasing game British Bulldog, followed by leapfrog and conkers.

It will come as no surprise that people have had accidents resulting in a broken arm or leg while playing British Bulldog, or simply while walking across the playground when a game was taking place! It is also not difficult to imagine that many conker players manage to hit their opponent's hand rather than their conker. Horse chestnuts are very hard and being hit with one hurts, as many school children will tell you proudly.

Banning games is not something new. In the past, we have heard stories about schools banning tig and musical chairs. There is also anecdotal evidence that some schools have banned marbles and even hopscotch, duck-duck-goose and skipping. The main reason for forbidding these games is the fear of injury. Sometimes the justifications given for the ban are strange and perhaps not actually true. For example, tig, a chase game where the chaser catches a person by touching them (who then in tum becomes the chaser), may pass on germs. And conkers might also be a problem for children with nut allergies.

Single-choice,1
( 1 ). What is the nearest synonym of the word “pastimes” in the first line?

Single-choice,1
( 2 ). What is the best summary of the above paragraph?

Single-choice,1
( 3 ). What is the main reason for banning games in the background?

Advanced,5
4.
Match correct headings with the following paragraphs.

A. It is said that most people have no more than 30 friends at any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However, on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends. If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different things in different situations.

B. One of the reasons people have more online friends than real friends at any particular point in time is that online friendships do not require much time and energy: it is easy to make Internet friends and keep them forever. Another possibility is that it is difficult to say 'no' when somebody asks us to be their friend online, even if we feel we don't really know them. The fact that they ask us suggests that they do consider us a friend, which is a nice feeling. Alternatively, they may be 'collectors' of online friends and simply want to use us to get a higher number of friends and appear to be popular.

C. Online friendships are quite easy, but in the real world things are much more difficult. There are no rules about friendship. There are no guidelines about how to make friends, how to keep friendships going, and how to finish friendships if we want to move on. People also have very different opinions about friendship: some people would die for their friends and value them more than family. Others feel that friends are temporary, only there to help each other until they are no longer needed. If people with such different views become friends, this can lead to problems.

D. Because of these different definitions of friendship, it is easy to be unhappy about our friends. We may want our relationship with them to be deeper or closer, or we may want to have more friends in our lives. Sometimes we simply do not have the time to develop our friendships, or we fear we have left it too late in life to start. If we move to another country or city, we have to find ways to make new friends again.

E. This dissatisfaction shows us how important friendships are for most of us. We should not think that it could be too late to build new friendships. We also need to understand that the need to be around others is shared by many people. Therefore, we should not be too frightened to start talking to people who may become our friends in the future: it is likely that they too would like to get closer to us. Remember what people say: strangers are friends we have not met yet.

Single-choice,1
( 1 ). Why friendship does not last long

Single-choice,1
( 2 ). Various opinions about the definition of friendship

Single-choice,1
( 3 ). Reasons why people make friends online more than often.

Single-choice,1
( 4 ). Everyone can be our friends

Single-choice,1
( 5 ). How many friends people have in their whole lives

Question

1. 
Fill in the blanks with suitable words in the passage (NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS).

There are many types of family systems around the world. In North America and northern Europe, the nuclear family (with two generations - a father, mother and one or more children) is often seen as the most typical. In contrast, in most other parts of the world, extended families, which include other family members such as grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins, are seen as the norm.

The common view is that the nuclear family has become the norm in many Western societies as a result of industrialization and urbanisation. This trend began in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, when people were forced to move to cities to find work in the factories that sprang up during the Industrial Revolution. In the twentieth century, greater industrialization resulted in even more people leaving their large extended families. Urbanisation also meant that people lived in much smaller houses, which were not big enough for an extended family.

Nuclear family - The norm in Western world

Unlike most parts of the world, where the extended family  is seen as the (1)……………………, people in North America and Europe would prefer to live in a (2)……………………………… This family system became a trend as a result of industrialisation and urbanisation. In the late 18th and 19th centuries, there were more and more (3) …………………springing up. During the 20th century, industrialisation developed greatly, making extended families less common.

Fill in the blanks,1
( 1 ). (1) ....................

1

Fill in the blanks,1
( 2 ). (2) ................

1

Fill in the blanks,1
( 3 ). (3) ...............

1

Advanced,3
2. 
Write TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN

Culture shock is described as a process of change marked by four basic stages. During the first stage, Newcomers are excited to be in a new place, so this is often referred to as the "honeymoon" stage. Like a tourist, they are excited with all the new sights and sounds, new smells and tastes of the new place. They may have some problems, but usually, they feel happy about these problems because they are new. At this point, it is the similarities that they notice, and it seems to the newcomer that people everywhere and their way of life are very much alike. This stage may last from a couple of weeks to a month, but the letdown is inevitable.

During the second stage, known as the &#x27;rejection&#x27; stage, the newcomer starts to experience difficulties due to the differences between the new culture and their own culture. Their enthusiasm at the beginning turns into loneliness, sadness, and anger. These feelings may have the effect of people rejecting the new culture so that they notice only the things that cause them trouble, which they then complain about. In addition, they may feel homesick and bored during this period as well.

Fortunately, most people gradually learn to adapt to the new culture and move on to the third stage, known as &#x27;adjustment and reorientation&#x27;.

﻿During this stage, the newcomer begins to understand some of the cultural clues which they had not experienced earlier. Now things make more sense and the culture seems more familiar. As a result, they begin to develop problem-solving skills to overcome the difficulties.

Fill in the blanks,1
( 1 ). 
(1) During the first stage of culture shock, newcomers tend to notice the differences between cultures and nationalities.

1

Fill in the blanks,1
( 2 ). 
(2) New comers often feel excited in the second stage because they can experience the differences between the new culture and their own culture.

1

Fill in the blanks,1
( 3 ). 
(3) New comers start adapting to the new culture that they had not experienced earlier during the third stage.

1

Advanced,3
3. 
Choose the correct answer.

A survey has suggested that traditional pastimes are increasingly being banned at break times in primary schools. Number one on the list is the chasing game British Bulldog, followed by leapfrog and conkers.

It will come as no surprise that people have had accidents resulting in a broken arm or leg while playing British Bulldog, or simply while walking across the playground when a game was taking place! It is also not difficult to imagine that many conker players manage to hit their opponent&#x27;s hand rather than their conker. Horse chestnuts are very hard and being hit with one hurts, as many school children will tell you proudly.

Banning games is not something new. In the past, we have heard stories about schools banning tig and musical chairs. There is also anecdotal evidence that some schools have banned marbles and even hopscotch, duck-duck-goose and skipping. The main reason for forbidding these games is the fear of injury. Sometimes the justifications given for the ban are strange and perhaps not actually true. For example, tig, a chase game where the chaser catches a person by touching them (who then in tum becomes the chaser), may pass on germs. And conkers might also be a problem for children with nut allergies.

Single-choice,1
( 1 ). What is the nearest synonym of the word “pastimes” in the first line?

Single-choice,1
( 2 ). What is the best summary of the above paragraph?

Single-choice,1
( 3 ). What is the main reason for banning games in the background?

Advanced,5
4. 
Match correct headings with the following paragraphs.

A. It is said that most people have no more than 30 friends at any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However, on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends. If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different things in different situations.

B. One of the reasons people have more online friends than real friends at any particular point in time is that online friendships do not require much time and energy: it is easy to make Internet friends and keep them forever. Another possibility is that it is difficult to say &#x27;no&#x27; when somebody asks us to be their friend online, even if we feel we don&#x27;t really know them. The fact that they ask us suggests that they do consider us a friend, which is a nice feeling. Alternatively, they may be &#x27;collectors&#x27; of online friends and simply want to use us to get a higher number of friends and appear to be popular.

C. Online friendships are quite easy, but in the real world things are much more difficult. There are no rules about friendship. There are no guidelines about how to make friends, how to keep friendships going, and how to finish friendships if we want to move on. People also have very different opinions about friendship: some people would die for their friends and value them more than family. Others feel that friends are temporary, only there to help each other until they are no longer needed. If people with such different views become friends, this can lead to problems.

D. Because of these different definitions of friendship, it is easy to be unhappy about our friends. We may want our relationship with them to be deeper or closer, or we may want to have more friends in our lives. Sometimes we simply do not have the time to develop our friendships, or we fear we have left it too late in life to start. If we move to another country or city, we have to find ways to make new friends again.

E. This dissatisfaction shows us how important friendships are for most of us. We should not think that it could be too late to build new friendships. We also need to understand that the need to be around others is shared by many people. Therefore, we should not be too frightened to start talking to people who may become our friends in the future: it is likely that they too would like to get closer to us. Remember what people say: strangers are friends we have not met yet.

Single-choice,1
( 1 ). Why friendship does not last long

Single-choice,1
( 2 ). Various opinions about the definition of friendship

Single-choice,1
( 3 ). Reasons why people make friends online more than often.

Single-choice,1
( 4 ). Everyone can be our friends

Single-choice,1
( 5 ). How many friends people have in their whole lives

Maxhd123 · Accepted Answer

1 the norm
2 nuclear family
3 factories

Timi · Answer

1. (1) Extended families
2. (2) Nuclear family
3. (3) Factories

1. False
2. False
3. True

1. leisure activities
2. Traditional games are being banned in primary schools due to the fear of injury.
3. Fear of injury
4. Different definitions of friendship
5. 400 friends over the whole of their lives

LIÊN KẾT