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Topic 1: Asean and Vietnam 1. ASEAN, which stands for the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, is a regional intergovernmental organization comprising ten member countries in Southeast Asia. It was established on August 8, 1967, with the aim of promoting economic growth, social progress, and cultural development in the region. 2. Vietnam became a member of ASEAN on July 28, 1995. Its membership has brought numerous benefits to the country, including increased trade and investment opportunities, enhanced regional cooperation, and access to a larger market for its goods and services. 3. Vietnam has gained specific benefits from being part of ASEAN. Firstly, it has enjoyed preferential tariffs and reduced trade barriers within the ASEAN Free Trade Area, leading to increased exports and economic growth. Secondly, Vietnam has been able to participate in various regional initiatives and programs, such as infrastructure development projects and capacity building activities. Lastly, ASEAN membership has provided Vietnam with a platform to engage in diplomatic dialogues and negotiations, strengthening its position in regional and international affairs. Topic 2: Global warming 1. Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, causing the planet to warm up over time. 2. The main causes of global warming are primarily human activities. The burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas releases carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere, which is the primary greenhouse gas responsible for trapping heat. Deforestation also contributes to global warming as trees absorb CO2 and their removal reduces the planet's capacity to absorb this gas. Additionally, industrial processes, agricultural practices, and waste management contribute to the release of other greenhouse gases like methane and nitrous oxide. 3. As a student, there are several actions you can take to reduce global warming. Firstly, you can conserve energy by turning off lights and appliances when not in use, using energy-efficient light bulbs, and reducing unnecessary electricity consumption. Secondly, you can promote sustainable transportation by walking, biking, or using public transport instead of relying on private vehicles. Additionally, you can support renewable energy sources like solar or wind power and advocate for their implementation in your community. Lastly, you can raise awareness about global warming by educating others, participating in environmental campaigns, and encouraging sustainable practices among your peers and family members.