To determine which word has an underlined part that differs in pronunciation from the other three in each question, we'll examine the pronunciation of each word using the provided International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) notations.
Question 1: A. ecosystem, B. confident, C. victim, D. apprenticeship
The main difference in pronunciation is the location of the main stress (indicated by the "ˈ" symbol) and the vowel sounds. However, a more nuanced difference lies in the initial consonant sound and its interaction with the vowel. The primary stress pattern is not the deciding factor here since all but one word have a similar stress pattern on the first syllable, and 'apprenticeship' has its stress on the second syllable but doesn't help us decide based on the vowel sound difference asked in the question.
Looking closer, the words 'ecosystem', 'confident', 'victim' all have distinct initial consonant sounds followed by a vowel sound, but 'apprenticeship' stands out with the schwa sound /ə/ at the beginning, making it distinct due to the nature of its vowel sound.
Thus, the correct answer is D. apprenticeship.
Question 2: A. damage, B. attract, C. impact, D. enact
In this question, all four words have different initial consonant sounds and stress patterns, but we are focusing on the vowel sound for the answer.
Upon closer inspection, we find that 'damage' starts with /d/ followed by /æ/, 'attract' starts with /ə/ followed by /træ/, 'impact' starts with /ɪm/, and 'enact' starts with /ɪn/. The stress pattern and the consonant-vowel interaction show variation, but focusing purely on the vowel sound after the initial consonant, 'attract' and 'damage' both have an /æ/ sound after their initial consonant, 'impact' has an /ɪ/ sound, and 'enact' also has an /æ/ sound.
The correct answer is C. impact, as its vowel sound /ɪ/ after the initial consonant sound /m/ is different from the other three words which have /æ/ after their initial consonant sounds.
Here are the answers:
Question 3. A. tourist B. protect C. profit D. damage
Analyze:
'tourist' stressed at first syllable
'protect' stressed at second syllable
'profit' stressed at first syllable
'damage' stressed at first syllable
Therefore, 'protect' has a different stress position to other words.
Answer: B. protect
Question 4. A. recycle B. pollution C. disappear D. destruction
Analyze:
'recycle' stressed at second syllable
'pollution' stressed at second syllable
'disappear' stressed at third syllable
'destruction' stressed at second syllable
Therefore, 'disappear' has a different stress position to other words.
Answer: C. disappear
Here are the answers to the questions:
5. B. where I spent / last year
6. A. Global warming
7. B. easier
8. A. She told me she had been intending to meet me the next day.
9. B. tourists
10. D. have been
11. C. as beautifully
12. A. where
13. B. was cooking
14. A. were / would live
15. D. wear
16. B. who
17. C. the most beautiful