Đề thi thử tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Thanh Hóa năm 2023-2024

Trích dẫn Đề thi thử tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh - Thanh Hóa năm 2023-2024

The garden city was largely the invention of the British social visionary Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928).After emigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, hemoved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In thosepre-skyscraper days, it was nicknamed "the Garden City", almost certainly the source of Howard's name forhis proposed towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his concept in the 1880s and 1890s, drawingon ideas that were circulating at the time, but creating a unique combination of proposals.The nineteenth-century slum city was in many ways a horrific-place; but it offered economic and socialopportunities, lights and crowds. At the same time, the rritish contryside - now too ooften seen in asentimental glow - was in fact equally unprepossessing: though it promised fresh air and nature, it sufferedfrom agricultural depression and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor adequate social life.Howard's idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city.Howard's idea was that a group of people should establish a company, borrowing money to establish a gardencity in the countryside, far enough from existing cities to ensure that the land was bought at the bottom price.They should get agreement from leading industrialists to move their factories there from the congested cities;their workers would move too, and would build their own houses.Garden cities would follow the same basic blueprint, with a high proportion of green spaces, together with acentral public open space, radial avenues, and peripheral industries. They would be surrounded by a muchlarger area of permanent green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms, but institutionslike reformatories and convalescent homes, that could benefit from a rural location. As more and morepeople moved out, the garden city would reach its planned limit - Howard suggested 32,000 people; then.another would be started a short distance away, Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned housecollection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide range of jobs andservices, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the