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To answer these questions, we need to compare the pronunciation of each word and identify the one whose underlined part differs from the other three. 1. A. smoked: smoʊkt, B. called: kɔld, C. photographed: ˈfoʊtəgræft, D. based: beɪst The underlined part refers to the final sound of each word. The final sound of "smoked" and "called" is a stop sound (/kt/ and /ld/), whereas the final sound of "photographed" is a fricative sound (/ft/), and "based" ends with a diphthong (/eɪ/). Based on this analysis, "photographed" is not the answer since the final sound of the word is more similar to a stop or affricate sound. The answer is "based" since its final sound (/eɪ/) is a diphthong, differing from the other three options. Answer: D. based 2. A. demanded: dɪˈmændɪd, B. lived: lɪvd, C. questioned: kˈwɛsʧənd, D. supposed: səˈpoʊzd The underlined part refers to the final sound of each word. All options except one end with the sound /d/. The word "lived" ends with the sound /vd/, whereas the other options end with the sound /dɪd/, /nd/, or /zd/. The answer is "lived" since its final sound (/vd/) differs from the other three options. Answer: B. lived 3. A. footstep: ˈfʊtstɛp, B. roof: rʊf, C. food: fud, D. fool: ful The underlined part refers to the vowel sound of each word. The words "food" and "fool" have a monophthong /uː/ or /u/, whereas the words "footstep" and "roof" have a near-close near-back rounded vowel /ʊ/. However, the vowel sound in "footstep" is closer to the one in "roof" but differs in the words "food" and "fool". "Food" and "fool" have a longer /uː/ sound, whereas "footstep" and "roof" have a shorter /ʊ/ sound, but the sound in "food" and "fool" differs from the one in "roof". "Food" has a shorter /u/ sound, and "fool" has a longer /uː/ sound; "roof" has a /ʊ/ sound and a single vowel sound but "food" also has a single vowel sound so we have to choose between "food" and "fool" since both words have a different vowel sound from "roof". Since the sounds in "food" and "fool" differ from "roof" but the sound in "food" also differs from "fool", and the sound in "food" also differs from the sound in "footstep", the answer is "food" since its vowel sound (/u/) is shorter than the one in "fool" (/uː/) and differs from the vowel sound in "footstep" and "roof". Answer: C. food 4. A. believe: bɪˈliv, B. extend: ɪkˈstɛnd, C. respect: rɪˈspɛkt, D. gender: ˈʤɛndər The underlined part refers to the initial consonant sound of each word. The words "believe", "extend", and "respect" all start with a single vowel sound /ɪ/, but the word "gender" starts with the sound /ʤ/. However, the words "believe", "extend", and "respect" start with a single vowel sound /ɪ/, but the word "believe" has a different initial consonant sound from the other three words since "believe" starts with the sound /b/, whereas "extend" starts with the sound /ɪk/, "respect" starts with the sound /rɪ/, and "gender" starts with the sound /ʤɛ/. But since the initial sound of "gender" is /ʤɛ/ which has a /ʤ/ sound, a palato-alveolar affricate sound, and a vowel sound /ɛ/, and this is different from the initial sound in "believe", "extend", and "respect" which is a voiceless stop or a voiceless alveolar fricative sound. "Believe" has a voiceless stop sound /b/, "extend" has a voiceless palatal affricate sound and then a voiceless alveolar stop sound /k/, "respect" has a voiceless alveolar fricative sound /r/. The answer is not "gender" since it has a different initial vowel sound but it has a different initial consonant sound from "believe" which has a voiceless stop sound /b/. So the answer is not "gender" since it is not the only word with a different initial consonant sound from the other three words. Since the sound in "believe" is a voiceless stop sound /b/, the sound in "extend" is a voiceless palatal affricate sound /k/, the sound in "respect" is a voiceless alveolar fricative sound /r/, and the sound in "gender" is a palato-alveolar affricate sound /ʤ/, the answer is "gender" since its initial consonant sound is a palato-alveolar affricate sound /ʤ/ but this is not correct since the initial consonant sound in "believe" is also different from the initial consonant sounds in the other three words. The initial consonant sound in "believe" is a voiceless stop sound /b/, the initial consonant sound in "extend" is a voiceless palatal affricate sound /k/, and the initial consonant sound in "respect" is a voiceless alveolar fricative sound /r/. The answer is "believe" since its initial consonant sound (/b/) differs from the other three options. Answer: A. believe 5. A. control: kənˈtroʊl, B. forbid: fərˈbɪd, C. force: fɔrs, D. complain: kəmˈpleɪn The underlined part refers to the stress pattern of each word. The words "control", "forbid", and "complain" have the stress on the second syllable, whereas the word "force" has only one syllable and therefore no stress pattern. But since the word "force" has only one syllable, it cannot be compared with the other three words in terms of stress pattern. The answer is "force" since its stress pattern (no stress pattern) differs from the other three options. Answer: C. force Here are the answers with analysis: 1. Analyze: 'nervous' stressed at first syllable 'healthy' stressed at first syllable 'verbal' stressed at first syllable 'polite' stressed at second syllable Therefore, 'polite' has a different stress position to other words. Answer: D. polite 2. Analyze: 'natural' stressed at first syllable 'dangerous' stressed at first syllable 'unhealthy' stressed at second syllable 'regular' stressed at first syllable Therefore, 'unhealthy' has a different stress position to other words. Answer: C. unhealthy 3. Analyze: 'create' stressed at second syllable 'platform' stressed at first syllable 'label' stressed at first syllable 'notice' stressed at first syllable Therefore, 'create' has a different stress position to other words. Answer: A. create 4. Analyze: 'permission' stressed at second syllable 'difference' stressed at first syllable 'argument' stressed at first syllable 'cultural' stressed at first syllable Therefore, 'permission' has a different stress position to other words. Answer: A. permission 5. Analyze: 'economic' stressed at third syllable 'generation' stressed at third syllable 'experience' stressed at second syllable 'electronic' stressed at third syllable Therefore, 'experience' has a different stress position to other words. Answer: C. experience Here are the answers to the given questions: 1. A. happy 2. D. quiet 3. B. healthy 4. B. am looking 5. B. grows 6. C. are tasting 7. A. remains 8. A. impact 9. B. impressed 10. C. effect 11. A. rush hour 12. C. infrastructure 13. B. get round 14. C. renovate 15. D. project 16. A. demand 17. B. authorities 18. (No options given; however, the correct answer would be related to "jam" or "congestion" which isn't provided)