Based on the given words and their IPA notations, I'll analyze each group to find the word with a different sound in the underlined part.
1. A. rubbish, B. product, C. rubric, D. cutting
Analysis: rubbish (ˈrəbɪʃ), product (ˈprɑdəkt), rubric (ˈrubrɪk), and cutting (ˈkətɪŋ).
The different sound is in 'product', where 'o' is pronounced differently from the others (ʊ in rubbish, ʊ in rubric, and ə in cutting). The answer is B. product.
2. A. cooked, B. accomplished, C. hissed, D. gained
Analysis: cooked (kʊkt), accomplished (əˈkɑmplɪʃt), hissed (hɪst), and gained (geɪnd).
The different sound is in 'hissed' and 'gained', where the ending sound is 'd' and 'nd', respectively, whereas the others end with 't'. However, 'hissed' and 'gained' both have 'i' and 'ai' sounds that are different from 'oo' and 'ɪʃ'. Among the options, 'gained' stands out with the 'ai' sound, whereas the others have 'ɪ' or 'oo' sounds. However, the real difference lies in the way the words are stressed (location of stress), or the sound itself. 'hissed' is pronounced with a single syllable, short i sound, and a 'st' sound, unlike the others. The answer is C. hissed.
3. A. species, B. recycle, C. ecosystem, D. renewable
Analysis: species (ˈspiʃiz), recycle (riˈsaɪkəl), ecosystem (ˈikoʊsɪstəm), and renewable (riˈnuəbəl).
All four options contain 'i' and 'e' sounds. However, the different sound can be found in 'species', which has a distinct 'i' sound compared to the others. The answer is A. species.
4. A. pictures, B. watches, C. buses, D. brushes
Analysis: pictures (ˈpɪkʧərz), watches (ˈwɑʧɪz), buses (ˈbəsɪz), and brushes (ˈbrəʃɪz).
The different sound is in 'pictures', where the sound 'ʧ' (or 'ch' as in 'church') differs from the 'ʧ' or 'ʤ' (or 'j' sound) sounds in the other options. The answer is A. pictures.
5. A. entertain, B. rain, C. air, D. train
Analysis: entertain (ɛnərˈteɪn), rain (reɪn), air (ɛr), and train (treɪn).
The different sound is in 'air', where 'air' ends with a distinct 'r' sound, unlike the others, which end with 'n'. The answer is C. air.
1. D. knowledge
2. C. culture
3. B. diverse
1. The word opposite in meaning to "reduce" is not among the options. However, the word opposite in meaning to "single-use" is "multipurpose".
So, the answer is B. multipurpose.
2. The word opposite in meaning to "concerned" is "indifferent".
So, the answer is C. indifferent.
1. The river is heavily polluted.
2. Everybody can do something to make our neighborhood green.
3. Could your group do a presentation on what we students can do to protect our environment?
4. The environmentalists are concerned about the oil spills in the East Sea.