To determine which word in each question has an underlined part that differs in pronunciation from the other three, we need to examine the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) notation provided for each word.
### Question 1
- A. imprison: ɪmˈprɪzən
- B. informed: ɪnˈfɔrmd
- C. widen: ˈwaɪdən
- D. hardship: ˈhɑrdʃɪp
The underlined part refers to the first syllable or the initial sound of each word. Comparing the initial sounds:
- A, B, D all start with a short vowel sound /ɪ/ or /ɪn/ (im- in imprison, in- in informed, hard- in hardship has /ɑ/ but we're focusing on the start of words which is where 'im', 'in', and 'hard' are similar in having distinct beginning sounds).
- C (widen) starts with /ˈwaɪd/, which features a diphthong /aɪ/, making it distinct from the other three in terms of its beginning sound.
### Question 2
- A. lifelong: ˈlaɪˈflɔŋ
- B. governess: ˈgəvərnəs
- C. obstacle: ˈɑbstəkəl
- D. complex: ˈkɑmplɛks
In this case, focusing on the stressed syllable and its surrounding sounds:
- A, C, and D all have a distinct 'ɑ' sound (lifelong has /laɪ/ but we're looking for a consistent 'ɑ' sound across the words which lifelong doesn't fit due to its 'laɪ' diphthong; however, lifelong does have a distinct second syllable /ˈflɔŋ/, but that doesn't disqualify it from having a different vowel sound in the first syllable) in 'obstacle' and 'complex' and in the case of 'lifelong', we might actually consider its first syllable's /laɪ/ which doesn't fit the pattern of having an 'ɑ' sound like in 'obstacle' and 'complex', and governess doesn't fit due to its /əv/).
- B (governess) starts with /ˈgəv/, featuring a schwa sound /ə/, making it distinct from the other three which have more defined vowel sounds in their initial syllables.
However, re-evaluating the lifelong and its comparison, the distinction is based more accurately on the sounds around the stressed syllables or the vowel sounds within the first syllable, lifelong has a diphthong 'laɪ', governess has a 'əv', obstacle and complex have 'ɑ'. The lifelong is distinct due to its 'laɪ', making it a better candidate for a differing pronunciation but the governess and lifelong can both be argued as distinct in different manners, lifelong's first syllable being the key, governess's being more about its specific sequence of sounds in its first syllable.
Thus, for accuracy:
- Question 1's answer is C (widen), due to its distinct beginning sound featuring a diphthong.
- Question 2's answer can be argued as A (lifelong) or B (governess), but if we are focusing purely on a single differing aspect across the board (like initial sound or vowel sound), then A or B depending on how one interprets 'distinct pronunciation', but the more clearly differing sound is in A (lifelong) due to its unique diphthong in the first syllable, but governess's schwa is distinct in a different way, lifelong's 'laɪ' diphthong is more uniquely pronounced compared to a schwa and 'ɑ' sounds.
So:
- Question 1: C
- Question 2: A
Here are the analyses and answers to the questions:
Question 3:
Analyze:
'expand' stressed at second syllable
'pursuit' stressed at second syllable
'acquire' stressed at second syllable
'wonder' stressed at first syllable
The words 'expand', 'pursuit', 'acquire' have the stress position at the second syllable while 'wonder' has the stress position at the first syllable.
Answer: D. wonder
Question 4:
Analyze:
'relevant' stressed at first syllable
'distraction' stressed at second syllable
'governess' stressed at first syllable
'obstacle' stressed at first syllable
The words 'relevant', 'governess', 'obstacle' have the stress position at the first syllable while 'distraction' has the stress position at the second syllable.
Answer: B. distraction
Here are the correct answers:
5. B. hardships
6. C. well-rounded
7. D. brush up
8. A. informed
9. C. boost
10. A. obstacle
11. A. pursuits
12. C. imprison
13. C. martial art
14. D. self-study
Here are the rewritten sentences:
Question 15. The principal advised them to continue learning after leaving school.
Question 16. Mary warned his brother not to use that sharp knife.
Question 17. The prime minister urged the citizens to stay indoors to avoid catching the virus.