Giup do nhe (I) The reason spammers are difficult to stop is that spam is so cost effective. (II) It costs a spammer ro),one-hundredth of a cent to send spam. (III) This low rate gives spammers a tremendous incentive to contr,sending out millions and millions of emails, even if the average person never purchases anything from them. (IV,Most spam filters rely on a fairly primitive "fingerprinting" system. In this system, a program analyzes severait4 (,typical spam messages and identifies common features in them. Any arriving emails that match these features are te,deleted. But the fingerprinting defense proves quite easy for spammers to defeat. Another spam stopper uses a,proof system. With this system, a user must first verify that he or she is a person before the email is sent by,solving a simple puzzle or answering a question. This system prevents automated spam systems from sending out,mass emails since computers are often unable to pass the verification tests. So far, spammers have been unable to,defeat proof systems, but most email users are reluctant to adopt these systems because they make sending emails,inconvenient.,In some ways, the battles being fought over intrusive emails are very much an arms race. Computer engineers,will continue to devise new and more sophisticated ways of blocking spam, while spammers will respond with,innovations of their own. It is unfortunate that the casualties in this technological war will be average email users.,Question 31. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 1?,"Despite technological innovations such as spam filters and even new legislation designed to combat spam,,the problem will not go away easily.",A. Though technological and legal measures have been introduced to fight spam, getting rid of this problem,completely remains a significant challenge.,B. Not until advanced technology like spam filters and new legislations against spam are introduced will it be,possible to get rid of this problem completely.,C. What makes spam remain a difficult problem to address is the absence of technological advances and effective,legislation specifically aimed at spam.,D. The disappearance of spam is largely attributable to technological solutions including spam filters, as well as,legal measures.,Question 32. The word incentive in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by_____,A. drawback B. access C. motivation D. increase,Question 33. Where in paragraph 2 does the following sentence best fit?,It means that a spammer can still make a profit even when the response rate is as low as one sale per,100,000 emails sent.,A. (I) B. (II) C. (III) D. (IV),Question 34. The word verify in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to_____.,A. deny B. confirm C. question D. agree,Question 35. The word they in paragraph 3 refers to_____.,A. email users B. proof systems C. spammers D. emails,Question 36. According to the passage, which of the following is not mentioned as a solution to spam?,A. law B. arms C. proof system D. fingerprinting system,Question 37. Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 4?,A. The ongoing struggle with intrusive emails is a race of innovation, as tech experts and spammers attempt to,outplay each other, leaving average users to suffer the consequences.,B. The technological war is more damaging than an arms race since it involves computer engineers, spammers,and average email users, who are most severely impacted.,C. In the endless competition between spammers and average email users, computer engineers are capable of,determining the winner by devising more sophisticated blocking programs.,D. An endless technological war is taking place between tech experts, who are constantly refining blocking,techniques, and spammers who find ways to bypass them in return.,Question 38. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?,A. A majority of email users are not in favour of using proof systems.,B. Spam has been in existence since the emergence of the Internet.,C. Spammers have already figured out ways to escape proof systems.,D. It is extremely cheap to send spam emails to numerous people.,Question 39. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?,A. With the advent of diverse spam filters, distributing spam is becoming increasingly costly.,B. An average Internet user may receive millions and millions of spam emails each year.,C. Difficult as it is, computer engineers will eventually win the battle against spammers.,D. Proof systems have proved more efficient than fingerprinting systems in preventing spam.,Question 40. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?

Question

Accepted Answer

31. A. Though technological and legal measures have been introduced to fight spam, getting rid of this problem completely remains a significant challenge.

32. C. motivation

33. C. (III)

34. A. deny

35. B. proof systems

36. B. arms

37. A. The ongoing struggle with intrusive emails is a race of innovation, as tech experts and spammers attempt to outplay each other, leaving average users to suffer the consequences.

38. C. Spammers have already figured out ways to escape proof systems.

39. D. Proof systems have proved more efficient than fingerprinting systems in preventing spam.

40. Not provided