1) $\frac{7}{9} + \frac{5}{12} - \frac{3}{4}$
Quy đồng mẫu số ba phân số:
$\frac{7}{9} = \frac{28}{36}$, $\frac{5}{12} = \frac{15}{36}$, $\frac{3}{4} = \frac{27}{36}$
Thực hiện phép tính:
$\frac{28}{36} + \frac{15}{36} - \frac{27}{36} = \frac{28 + 15 - 27}{36} = \frac{16}{36} = \frac{4}{9}$
2) $\frac{7}{-25} + \frac{-18}{25} + \frac{4}{23} + \frac{5}{7} + \frac{19}{23}$
Quy đồng mẫu số các phân số:
$\frac{7}{-25} = \frac{-7}{25}$, $\frac{-18}{25}$, $\frac{4}{23}$, $\frac{5}{7}$, $\frac{19}{23}$
$\frac{-7}{25} + \frac{-18}{25} + \frac{4}{23} + \frac{5}{7} + \frac{19}{23} = \frac{-25}{25} + \frac{23}{23} + \frac{5}{7} = -1 + 1 + \frac{5}{7} = \frac{5}{7}$
3) $\frac{-2}{17} + \frac{15}{19} + \frac{-15}{17} + \frac{15}{23} + \frac{4}{19}$
$\frac{-2}{17} = \frac{-2}{17}$, $\frac{15}{19} = \frac{15}{19}$, $\frac{-15}{17} = \frac{-15}{17}$, $\frac{15}{23} = \frac{15}{23}$, $\frac{4}{19} = \frac{4}{19}$
$\frac{-2}{17} + \frac{15}{19} + \frac{-15}{17} + \frac{15}{23} + \frac{4}{19} = \frac{-17}{17} + \frac{19}{19} + \frac{15}{23} = -1 + 1 + \frac{15}{23} = \frac{15}{23}$
4) $\frac{-5}{11} + (\frac{-6}{11} + 1)$
$\frac{-5}{11}$, $\frac{-6}{11}$, $1 = \frac{11}{11}$
$\frac{-5}{11} + (\frac{-6}{11} + \frac{11}{11}) = \frac{-5}{11} + \frac{5}{11} = 0$
5) $1,4 \cdot \frac{15}{49} - (\frac{4}{5} + \frac{2}{3}) : 2\frac{1}{5}$
$\frac{4}{5} = \frac{12}{15}$, $\frac{2}{3} = \frac{10}{15}$, $2\frac{1}{5} = \frac{11}{5}$
$1,4 \cdot \frac{15}{49} - (\frac{12}{15} + \frac{10}{15}) : \frac{11}{5} = 1,4 \cdot \frac{15}{49} - \frac{22}{15} : \frac{11}{5} = 1,4 \cdot \frac{15}{49} - \frac{22}{15} \cdot \frac{5}{11} = 1,4 \cdot \frac{15}{49} - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{14}{10} \cdot \frac{15}{49} - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{210}{490} - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{3}{7} - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{9}{21} - \frac{14}{21} = \frac{-5}{21}$
6) $(0,75 - \frac{1}{4}) : \frac{5}{6}$
$0,75 = \frac{3}{4}$, $\frac{1}{4}$
$(\frac{3}{4} - \frac{1}{4}) : \frac{5}{6} = \frac{2}{4} : \frac{5}{6} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{6}{5} = \frac{6}{10} = \frac{3}{5}$
7) $(\frac{-3}{4} + \frac{1}{6}) : (\frac{5}{9} - \frac{1}{6})$
$\frac{-3}{4} = \frac{-9}{12}$, $\frac{1}{6} = \frac{2}{12}$, $\frac{5}{9} = \frac{10}{18}$, $\frac{1}{6} = \frac{3}{18}$
$(\frac{-9}{12} + \frac{2}{12}) : (\frac{10}{18} - \frac{3}{18}) = \frac{-7}{12} : \frac{7}{18} = \frac{-7}{12} \cdot \frac{18}{7} = \frac{-18}{12} = \frac{-3}{2}$
8) $(\frac{7}{8} - \frac{3}{4}) \cdot 1\frac{1}{3} - \frac{7}{2} : 5\frac{1}{4}$
$\frac{7}{8}$, $\frac{3}{4} = \frac{6}{8}$, $1\frac{1}{3} = \frac{4}{3}$, $\frac{7}{2}$, $5\frac{1}{4} = \frac{21}{4}$
$(\frac{7}{8} - \frac{6}{8}) \cdot \frac{4}{3} - \frac{7}{2} : \frac{21}{4} = \frac{1}{8} \cdot \frac{4}{3} - \frac{7}{2} \cdot \frac{4}{21} = \frac{4}{24} - \frac{28}{42} = \frac{1}{6} - \frac{2}{3} = \frac{1}{6} - \frac{4}{6} = \frac{-3}{6} = \frac{-1}{2}$
9) $(4 - \frac{5}{12}) : 2 + \frac{5}{24}$
$4 = \frac{48}{12}$, $\frac{5}{12}$, $2 = \frac{2}{1}$, $\frac{5}{24}$
$(\frac{48}{12} - \frac{5}{12}) : \frac{2}{1} + \frac{5}{24} = \frac{43}{12} : \frac{2}{1} + \frac{5}{24} = \frac{43}{12} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{5}{24} = \frac{43}{24} + \frac{5}{24} = \frac{48}{24} = 2$
10) $\frac{6}{7} + \frac{5}{7} : 5 - \frac{8}{9}$
$\frac{6}{7}$, $\frac{5}{7}$, $5 = \frac{5}{1}$, $\frac{8}{9}$
$\frac{6}{7} + \frac{5}{7} \cdot \frac{1}{5} - \frac{8}{9} = \frac{6}{7} + \frac{1}{7} - \frac{8}{9} = \frac{7}{7} - \frac{8}{9} = 1 - \frac{8}{9} = \frac{1}{9}$
11) $1\frac{13}{15} \cdot 0,75 - (\frac{11}{20} + 25\%) : \frac{7}{5}$
$1\frac{13}{15} = \frac{28}{15}$, $0,75 = \frac{3}{4}$, $\frac{11}{20}$, $25\% = \frac{1}{4}$, $\frac{7}{5}$
$\frac{28}{15} \cdot \frac{3}{4} - (\frac{11}{20} + \frac{1}{4}) : \frac{7}{5} = \frac{28}{15} \cdot \frac{3}{4} - (\frac{11}{20} + \frac{5}{20}) : \frac{7}{5} = \frac{28}{15} \cdot \frac{3}{4} - \frac{16}{20} : \frac{7}{5} = \frac{28}{15} \cdot \frac{3}{4} - \frac{4}{5} : \frac{7}{5} = \frac{28}{15} \cdot \frac{3}{4} - \frac{4}{5} \cdot \frac{5}{7} = \frac{28}{15} \cdot \frac{3}{4} - \frac{4}{7} = \frac{21}{15} - \frac{4}{7} = \frac{7}{5} - \frac{4}{7} = \frac{49}{35} - \frac{20}{35} = \frac{29}{35}$
12) $\frac{-5}{12} \cdot \frac{3}{4} + \frac{-7}{4} \cdot \frac{3}{12}$
$\frac{-5}{12}$, $\frac{3}{4}$, $\frac{-7}{4}$, $\frac{3}{12}$
$\frac{-5}{12} \cdot \frac{3}{4} + \frac{-7}{4} \cdot \frac{3}{12} = \frac{-15}{48} + \frac{-21}{48} = \frac{-36}{48} = \frac{-3}{4}$
13) $\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{4}{5} + \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{6}{5} - \frac{4}{3}$
$\frac{1}{3}$, $\frac{4}{5}$, $\frac{6}{5}$, $\frac{4}{3}$
$\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{4}{5} + \frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{6}{5} - \frac{4}{3} = \frac{4}{15} + \frac{6}{15} - \frac{4}{3} = \frac{10}{15} - \frac{4}{3} = \frac{2}{3} - \frac{4}{3} = \frac{-2}{3}$
14) $\frac{5}{9} \cdot \frac{7}{13} + \frac{5}{9} \cdot \frac{9}{13} - \frac{5}{9} \cdot \frac{3}{13}$
$\frac{5}{9}$, $\frac{7}{13}$, $\frac{9}{13}$, $\frac{3}{13}$
$\frac{5}{9} \cdot \frac{7}{13} + \frac{5}{9} \cdot \frac{9}{13} - \frac{5}{9} \cdot \frac{3}{13} = \frac{35}{117} + \frac{45}{117} - \frac{15}{117} = \frac{65}{117} = \frac{5}{9}$
15) $(-3,2) \cdot \frac{-15}{64} + (0,8 - 2\frac{4}{15}) : 3\frac{2}{3}$
$-3,2 = \frac{-32}{10}$, $\frac{-15}{64}$, $0,8 = \frac{8}{10}$, $2\frac{4}{15} = \frac{34}{15}$, $3\frac{2}{3} = \frac{11}{3}$
$\frac{-32}{10} \cdot \frac{-15}{64} + (\frac{8}{10} - \frac{34}{15}) : \frac{11}{3} = \frac{480}{640} + (\frac{12}{15} - \frac{34}{15}) : \frac{11}{3} = \frac{3}{4} + \frac{-22}{15} : \frac{11}{3} = \frac{3}{4} + \frac{-22}{15} \cdot \frac{3}{11} = \frac{3}{4} + \frac{-2}{5} = \frac{15}{20} + \frac{-8}{20} = \frac{7}{20}$
16) $0,2 \cdot \frac{15}{36} - (\frac{2}{5} + \frac{2}{3}) : 1\frac{1}{5}$
$0,2 = \frac{1}{5}$, $\frac{15}{36}$, $\frac{2}{5}$, $\frac{2}{3}$, $1\frac{1}{5} = \frac{6}{5}$
$\frac{1}{5} \cdot \frac{15}{36} - (\frac{2}{5} + \frac{2}{3}) : \frac{6}{5} = \frac{15}{180} - (\frac{6}{15} + \frac{10}{15}) : \frac{6}{5} = \frac{1}{12} - \frac{16}{15} : \frac{6}{5} = \frac{1}{12} - \frac{16}{15} \cdot \frac{5}{6} = \frac{1}{12} - \frac{80}{90} = \frac{1}{12} - \frac{8}{9} = \frac{3}{36} - \frac{32}{36} = \frac{-29}{36}$
17) $\frac{-3}{5} \cdot \frac{5}{7} + \frac{3}{-5} \cdot \frac{3}{7} + \frac{3}{5} \cdot \frac{-6}{7}$
$\frac{-3}{5}$, $\frac{5}{7}$, $\frac{3}{-5}$, $\frac{3}{7}$, $\frac{3}{5}$, $\frac{-6}{7}$
$\frac{-3}{5} \cdot \frac{5}{7} + \frac{3}{-5} \cdot \frac{3}{7} + \frac{3}{5} \cdot \frac{-6}{7} = \frac{-15}{35} + \frac{-9}{35} + \frac{-18}{35} = \frac{-42}{35} = \frac{-6}{5}$
18) $\frac{-4}{19} \cdot \frac{3}{7} + \frac{-3}{7} \cdot \frac{15}{19} + \frac{5}{7}$
$\frac{-4}{19}$, $\frac{3}{7}$, $\frac{-3}{7}$, $\frac{15}{19}$, $\frac{5}{7}$
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